The Tino Rangatiratanga flag, 9cm in size, also known as the national Māori flag, is a significant symbol representing the Māori people of New Zealand. It was officially recognized as the national Māori flag in 2009, following a nationwide consultation process. The flag's design, created in 1989 by Hiraina Marsden, Jan Smith, and Linda Munn, uses the national colors of New Zealand: black, white, and red. 
Here's a more detailed breakdown: 
Design:
The flag features a black background with a white spiral (koru) and a red semicircle at the bottom. 
Symbolism:
Black: Represents Te Korekore, the realm of potential being, and the long darkness from which the world emerged. 
White: Represents Te Ao Marama, the world of light, and the realm of consciousness. 
Red: Represents Te Whei Ao, the realm of coming into being, and Papatūānuku, the earth mother. 
Koru: The spiral symbolizes the unfolding and renewal of life, new beginnings, and hope for the future. 
Credit Google